Summary

• UN communication dated Oct 16 and made public Dec 15 states that no publicly verifiable evidence links Pakistan to the Pahalgam attack
• India did not notify the UN Security Council under Article 51 (self defense), raising concerns about unlawful use of force and right-to-life violations
• Counter-terrorism actions must meet necessity, proportionality, and distinction under international law
• Indus Waters Treaty is in abeyance; unilateral suspension may breach international obligations
• Disruption of Indus waters could affect millions in Pakistan who rely on the river system for drinking water, agriculture, food security, and livelihoods
• Access to safe drinking water is a recognized human right; water should not be used as political pressure
• Experts asked India to clarify the legal basis for military action, treaty suspension, and safeguards against humanitarian, environmental, and economic harm
• They also urged peaceful settlement of the Kashmir dispute in line with international law and self-determination